From Single-Hazard to Multi-Risk

Speaker

Marleen de Ruiter | Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam |

Overview

This presentation covers the evolution from single-hazard to multi-risk thinking in disaster science and policy, organised around three areas:

Conceptual frameworks and terminology, including the typologies of compound, consecutive, and systemic risk, and the international policy shifts (Sendai, UNDRR GAR) that pushed the field beyond hazard silos
Data and methodological advances, with a focus on why vulnerability has received less attention than hazards in multi-risk assessment, the data gaps behind dynamic vulnerability, the challenge of multi-risk impact attribution, and newer methods for global multi-hazard event sets, exposure mapping, and recovery analysis
Challenges for risk management, including asynergies between risk reduction measures (where addressing one hazard can worsen another), early warning for complex events, lessons from forensic analysis of past multi-hazard disasters, and equitable adaptation across vulnerability groups